This course provides a systematic introduction to high-efficiency plastic-film mulching cultivation techniques for dryland farming, which are widely recognized as effective approaches for conserving soil moisture, improving water-use efficiency, and increasing crop yield in arid and semi-arid regions. The course focuses on two commonly adopted mulching systems, namely full-film mulching and partial-film mulching, and explains their technical principles, operational requirements, and yield performance. The course is structured into three modules. The first module introduces full-film and partial-film mulching technologies for maize production, covering land preparation, basal fertilization, variety selection, ridge formation, planting density, sowing techniques, and field management throughout the growing season. The second module presents full-film and partial-film mulching technologies for dryland potato production, including land preparation, seed potato treatment, ridge construction, sowing practices, irrigation management, and pest and disease control. The third module describes partial-film mulching with ridge planting and furrow irrigation for tomato and pepper cultivation, focusing on land selection, fertilization, sowing requirements and irrigation management. This course aims to provide farmers with scientific and practical technical guidance to improve water-use efficiency, reduce drought-related production risks, achieve stable and high yields, and promote sustainable development for dryland agriculture.